消毒剂及其产物对儿童哮喘的影响

Effects of disinfectants and the by-products on asthma in children

哮喘是儿童最常见的慢性呼吸道疾病。近年来,哮喘累积患病率持续升高,与之发生相关的病因及诱发因素较多,环境因素在其中发挥重要作用。儿童大部分时间待在室内,因此室内环境中的消毒剂暴露对儿童哮喘的影响值得关注。近年来有研究发现接触消毒剂及其产物与气道炎症、哮喘症状以及哮喘发生之间存在关联。新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)肺炎期间,消毒成为防控的重要环节,消毒剂应用显著增加。因此,本综述通过总结消毒剂及其产物对儿童哮喘的影响,并且讨论可能的发生机制,结合当下形势,根据消毒剂的发展现状提出合理使用消毒剂的建议,以期帮助儿童哮喘的控制。

Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children.In recent years,the cumulative prevalence rate of asthma has been on the rise.There are many factors contributing to asthma,among which environmental factors play an important role.Children spend most of their time indoors,so the effects of exposure to disinfectants in indoor environments on childhood asthma deserve great attention.Recent studies have found that exposure to disinfectants and their by-products is associated with airway inflammation,symptoms of asthma and the onset of asthma.With the pandemic of novel coronavirus(COVID-19)pneumonia,disinfection has become a crucial part of prevention and control,and the consumption of disinfectants has been increasing significantly.Therefore,this review summarizes the effects of disinfectants and their products on childhood asthma,discusses the possible pathogenesis,and puts forward suggestions on the rational use of disinfectants according to the current situation,thereby helping control childhood asthma.