武威市凉州区城乡居民健康状况及生活方式调查

Survey on health status and lifestyle of urban and rural residents in Liangzhou District of Wuwei City

目的通过对武威市凉州区城乡居民的基本信息、健康状况、生活方式等进行分析,为当地居民慢性病的预防提供科学依据及干预措施。方法采用国家重点研发计划"精准医学研究"重点专项调查问卷,通过面对面调查收集信息,研究共纳入武威市凉州区35~75岁城乡常住居民7993人。调查内容包括:基本信息(性别、年龄、职业、婚姻状况、学历)、健康状况(疾病史、自我健康认知、肥胖状况、精神状况等)、生活方式(吸烟、饮酒、运动、膳食、睡眠等)。结果调查人群中男3293人,女4700人,居民自我健康认知状况良好;男性平均体质量指数(BMI)为(24.9±3.43)kg/㎡,女性为(24.7±3.32)kg/㎡,当地居民肥胖率为16.4%,居民BMI在65岁之前随年龄增长呈上升趋势,在65岁之后随年龄增长呈下降趋势;当地居民所患慢性病主要以糖尿病、高血压病、胆石症为主;当地居民食盐摄入量较高,不规律饮食情况较少;吸烟、饮酒现象严重,二手烟吸入情况较为严重;业余时间参加锻炼的居民较少;1年中经历重大事件、精神状态不良者较少;当地居民睡眠状况较好。结论武威市凉州区城乡居民存在高盐饮食、缺乏锻炼、吸烟、饮酒等影响健康的不良生活方式,当地卫生部门应针对健康生活、健康饮食等对居民展开健康知识教育。

Objective To provide scientific basis and intervention measures for the prevention of chronic diseases in local resident by analyzing the basic information,health status,lifestyle of urban and rural residents in Liangzhou District of Wuwei City.Methods A total of 7993 permanent residents aged 35 to 75 years old in urban and rural areas of Liangzhou District of Wuwei City were included in the study by using the key special questionnaire of"Precision Medicine Research"of the National Key R&D Program.The survey included:basic information(sex,age,occupation,marital status,educational background),health status(disease history,self-health cognition,obesity status,mental condition etc.),lifestyle(smoking history,alcohol drinking history,exercise status,dietary status,sleep status etc.).Results There were 3293 males and 4700 females in this survey.Residents’self-cognition of health status was good.The average body mass index(BMI)was(24.9±3.43)kg/㎡ in males and(24.7±3.32)kg/㎡ in females.The obesity rate of the local residents was 16.4%.The BMI increased with age before the age of 65,but decreased with age after the age of 65.The chronic diseases suffered by local residents were mainly diabetes,hypertension,cholelithiasis.The salt intake of local residents was higher,and the irregular diet was less.The smoking and drinking phenomena were serious,and the secondhand smoke inhalation was more serious.There were fewer residents who participated in exercise in spare time.There were fewer residents who experienced major events and poor mental status within one year.The sleep status of local residents was better.Conclusion There are still unhealthy lifestyles such as high salt diet,lack of exercise,smoking and drinking,which affect health.The local health department should carry out health knowledge education for residents aiming at healthy life and healthy diet.