浙江红花油茶野生资源调查及优树选择

Wild resources survey and superior trees selection of Camellia chekiangoleosa

在福建泰宁峨眉峰自然保护区浙江红花油茶野生种质资源调查的基础上,对17株野生浙江红花油茶的生长及果实经济性状等进行了连续4a的跟踪观测。结果表明:泰宁峨嵋峰自然保护区的浙江红花油茶野生种质资源呈区域或零星分布,代表性群落类型为浙江红山茶+柃木+阔鳞鳞毛蕨群丛;17个优树的树体、花、叶片、果实等性状均存在较大差异,平均冠幅面积产果量为0.28~1.70kg·m^(-2),在单位冠幅产量、年均产油量等方面均达到油茶国家标准的有3株,分别为TN6、TN11、TN15,可作为优质种源进行保存和开发利用。

The growth, fruiting and main economic characters of 17 Camellia chekiangoleosa wild superior trees were analyzed for 4 consecutive years based on the investigation of the wild germplasm resources of C. chekiangoleosa in Emeifeng Nature Reserve of Taining. The results showed that the wild germplasm resources of C. chekiangoleosa were distributed regionally or sporadically in Emeifeng Nature Reserve of Taining, and its representative community type was the association of C. chekiangoleosa, Eurya japonica and Dryopteris championii. There were significant differences in growth, flower, leaf and fruit characters among 17 superior trees, and the crown diameter per square meter fruit yields of 4 consecutive years was between 0.28 kg·m^(-2) and 1.71 kg·m^(-2). The crown diameter per square meter fruit yields and the yield of oil per hectares all attained the standard of clones breeding of C. oleifera were TN6, TN11 and TN15, which can be used as high quality provenance for preservation, development and utilization.