中国老年健康标准体系框架的构建及思考

The development and consideration of a framework for a Chinese elderly health standards system

目的基于我国人口老龄化严峻形势及老年健康服务标准需求,构建中国老年健康标准体系框架,为老年健康标准制定工作提供参考依据。方法通过文献调研法和专家咨询法构建中国老年健康标准体系初步框架指标,运用德尔菲法邀请23名专家组成咨询专家组,开展2轮专家咨询及讨论,更新调整框架,运用层次分析法计算指标权重。结果经过2轮专家咨询形成中国老年健康标准体系框架,咨询专家权威程度0.847,框架含老年健康基础标准、老年医疗服务标准、老年公共卫生标准和老年社会支持标准4个一级指标,权重分别为0.204、0.346、0.260、0.189,还包括老年健康标准专业术语、老年医疗、老年健康教育、老年医学专业人才培养等22个二级指标。结论本研究初步建立了适合我国国情、兼顾多方需求、覆盖较好的老年健康标准体系框架,为我国老年健康标准化工作开展提供决策依据,为实施健康中国战略保驾护航。

Objective To develop a framework for a national system of elderly health standards in response to population aging in China and to meet the need for health service standards for elderly care,thus providing a roadmap for the development of elderly health standards.Methods Preliminary indicators for a framework of a Chinese elderly health standards system were established by literature review and expert consultations.Using the Delphi method,we invited 23 experts to form a consultation panel.After two rounds of expert consultations,the preliminary framework was updated and the weight of each indicator was calculated by using the analytic hierarchy process.Results A framework of the Chinese elderly health standards system was established after two rounds of expert consultations.The expert authority coefficient was 0.847.The framework proposed four primary indicators,including basic health standards,medical service standards,public health standards and social support standards,for the elderly,with a weight of 0.204,0.346,0.260 and 0.189 for each indicator.There were 22 secondary indicators,including standardized terminologies,medical services,health education,geriatrics personnel training,etc.,for elderly care.Conclusions Our research has generated a preliminary framework of an elderly health standards system that incorporates China's specific issues,takes into consideration of the needs of various parties and covers many relevant aspects.It will provide the basis for decision-making in the elderly health standardization process in China and safeguard the implementation of the Healthy China strategy.