面向学习过程的复杂技能测评设计及成效

Design and Effectiveness of Complex Skills Assessment for Learning Process

针对当前复杂技能测评较多关注总结性评价,缺少对学习过程性测评的问题,提出面向学习过程的复杂技能测评设计研究。首先,分析当前复杂技能测评存在问题,明确复杂技能学习对过程性测评的需求,构建面向学习过程的复杂技能测评设计整体框架;其次,以上海D职业技术学院为应用试点,选取"机器人系统工作站搭建"为目标技能,设计了该技能学习目标过程性分解、过程性测评考核点及其数据获取途径与处理方法;再次,以机电一体化专业2016级41名学生为研究对象,将其分为实验组(N=19)和对照组(N=22)开展实证研究。结果表明:实验组在过程性任务中的表现说明面向学习过程的测评设计能有效提高学生机器人系统工作站搭建流程和规则的掌握;学业表现实验组高于对照组,且在搭建流程和客观知识方面有显著差异;实验组整体认知负荷低于对照组,且在外部认知负荷上存在显著差异。

Considering the lack of formative assessment in the current learning process of complex skills,the method to assess complex skill based on learning process is proposed.Firstly,problems in the existed studies about complex skills assessment are analyzed in detail.Then,the necessity of integrating formative evaluation into the complex skills evaluation process is analyzed,and the framework for complex skill assessment based on learning process is given.Thirdly,taking"Robotic work station construction"in Shanghai X Technical Institute as the target skill,the process-oriented decomposition for learning goals,and the collection and processing methods for collected data are designed.Finally,a total of 41 vocational school students majoring in Mechatronics participate in this study,and the effects of process-oriented complex skill assessment on students’complex learning is examined.The results demonstrate that process-oriented assessment has a positive impact on students’academic performance,and there is significant difference in construction flow and knowledge.In addition,students with process-oriented assessment have lower cognitive load than those with traditional assessment,and there is significant difference in external cognitive load between the two groups.