伦理精神的哲学意蕴及其基本特征

The Philosophical Meaning of Ethical Spirit and Its Four Basic Characteristics

“精神”之于人的本质性和价值性决定了人是一个超越性的“精神存在”。“精神”是思维与意志的结合,是有限与无限的统一,是知行合一的集中显现。只有走出“反映论”和“绝对论”的局限才能还原精神的本质。传统文化鲜明的“伦理”品质和“精神”走向塑造了中国文化的博大意象。“精神”是“伦理”的内容与本质,“伦理”是“精神”的发展与表达。“伦理精神”是处于特定历史条件下的主体的自我更新与生长的根本样态,是主体在建构意义世界时引领知、意、情持续走向真、善、美的知行合一的动力过程。伦理精神的基本特征集中体现为实践性与能动性的统一、民族性与时代性的颉颃、社会性与历史性的同构、激励性与导向性的协同。只有伦理精神才能将精神的民族性、历史性、社会性和时代性特质高度融为一体,让国人的精神世界能够始终保持不忘本来的定力、吸收外来的活力和面向未来的张力,在守望“伦理”中回归“伦理精神”,实现传统文化的创造性转化与创新性发展,为走进新时代的国人找寻到精神与文化之自觉的起点、自信的支点和自立的平衡点。

The essence and value of spirit to human determines that human is a transcendent spirit existence.Spirit is the combination of thinking and will,the unity of finite and infinite,and the concentrated manifestation of the unity of knowledge and action.Only when we get out of the limitation of reflection theory and“Absolutism”can we restore the essence of spirit.The distinctive“ethical”quality and"spiritual"trend of traditional culture shape the broad image of Chinese culture.“Spirit”is the content and essence of“ethics”,while“ethics”is the development and expression of“spirit”.“Ethical spirit”is the fundamental state of self-renewal and growth of the subject under certain historical conditions,and is the dynamic process of the subject leading the knowledge,intention,and emotion to the unity of truth,goodness,and beauty in the construction of the meaningful world.The basic features of ethical spirit are embodied in practice initiative,national times,social history,and incentive orientation.Only the ethical spirit can highly integrate the national,historical,social,and contemporary characteristics of the spirit,so that the Chinese people’s spiritual world can always keep the original composure,absorb foreign vitality,and face the future tension.We should return to the“ethical spirit”from the“ethics”,realize the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional culture,and find the starting point of spiritual and cultural consciousness,the fulcrum of self-confidence and the balance point of self-reliance for the Chinese people entering the new era.