汉语国际教育应关注与文字、文学、文化的关系

International Chinese language teaching: Focusing on its relation with teaching of Chinese characters,Chinese literature and Chinese culture

汉语的文字制度、词汇系统、语法结构和语音系统与西方语言存在诸多差异,决定了汉语二语教学应该有别于西方语言教学。长期以来,汉语二语教学对汉字、文学、文化和汉语的特殊关系关注不够,未能依照汉语自身特征进行汉语教学,更多是套用西方语言研究和语言教学的理论方法,因而教学效果不甚理想。未来,汉语国际教育应从汉语自身特点出发,参考汉语母语教学经验,善用汉字教授汉语;结合中国文学,将文学作为汉语国际教育的发酵剂;充分挖掘文化在汉语国际教育中的底蕴和魅力。如此将汉语教学和汉字、文学、文化有机结合,方能让汉语国际教育更具竞争力和生命力,以适应当下海内外汉语国际教育形势的发展需求。

The characters,lexical system,grammatical structure and phonetic system of the Chinese language are extremely different from those of the western languages,which determines that Teaching Chinese as a Second Language(TCSL)should be different from the teaching of western languages too.For long,without paying proper attention to the special relationship between Chinese characters,literature and culture,TCSL has not been conducted according to Chinese characteristics,but rather indiscriminately used the research and theories of western languages and language teaching;therefore,the effect of Chinese language teaching is hardly ideal.In the future,international Chinese language teaching should be based on the characteristics of Chinese language,integrate the experience of mother tongue Chinese teaching,use the Chinese literature as the catalyst,and discover and explore the value of culture in TCSL.All these will make TCSL more competitive and give it more vitality to meet up with the present-day requirements.