我国向日葵列当生理小种的组成与分布

Distribution and Composition of Physiological Races of Sunflower Broomrape(Orobanche cumana Wallr.)in China

为明确我国向日葵列当(Orobanche cumana Wallr.)生理小种的种类与分布,通过盆栽鉴定的方法,对我国内蒙古、新疆、河北、山西、陕西、黑龙江、吉林、甘肃等8个地区62个样点的向日葵列当生理小种构成进行鉴定,鉴定结果显示,内蒙古、新疆、河北等地区的生理小种种类比较丰富,分别为7、6、5种。内蒙古以高毒力的F和G小种为主,占65%以上;新疆以C小种为主,占42%,同时高毒力的F和G小种也混合发生,约占34%;河北以A和C小种为主,占50%以上,高毒力的F和G小种约占30%;吉林、陕西、黑龙江、山西等地区均以A小种为主,占比均超过了40%,吉林有高毒力的F小种,约占29%,陕西有少量的E小种;甘肃仅有F小种。种植抗列当向日葵品种时,须要充分考虑当地生理小种的构成,以延缓新的生理小种产生。

To determine theirtypeand distribution,physiological races ofsunflower broomrape(Orobanche cumana Wallr.)collected form 62 sampling sites in Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang,Hebei,Shanxi,Shaanxi,Heilongjiang,Jilin and Gansu were identified through pot trials.Several physiological races were foundin Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang and Hebei,with 7,6 and 5 types respectively.In Inner Mongolia,races F and G with high virulence were the dominant types,accounting for more than 65%of the samples;in Xinjiang,dominant race C accountedfor 42%with races F and G accounting for 34%also occurring.In Hebei,races A and C were dominant accounting for more than 50%followed by races Fand Grepresenting 30%;in Jilin,Shaanxi,Heilongjiang and Shanxi,race A was dominant accounting for more than 40%.Race F was present in Jilin(29%)and the only one identified in Gansu;a few race E broomrapes existed in Shaanxi.Before planting anti-broomrape sunflower,full consideration should be given tothe composition of local physiological races to delay occurrence of new physiological race types.