空间规划传导机制中的“刚”与“柔”——以上海崇明区为例

“RIGIDITY”AND“FLEXIBILITY”IN THE TRANSMISSION MECHANISM OF SPATIAL PLANNING:A CASE STUDY OF CHONGMING DISTRICT,SHANGHAI

随着我国城市规划管理机构改革和空间规划体系的重构,2020年成为国土空间规划编制的重要年份。上海市通过规划和国土职能部门的合并率先在全国实现了多规融合,在规划理念、规划方法和传导体系中均取得了的创新和成效,对全国其他城市空间规划体系构建具有指导意义。本文通过梳理日本、德国、荷兰的空间规划体系,明确其各个层次的规划内容和传导方式,剖析国外规划体系中地方政府和中央政府之间发展与管理的关系。再从总体规划、单元规划、详细规划3个层次系统总结了上海空间规划体系构建的主要内容,以崇明区3个层次的规划实践为例,从战略意图传导、刚性指标传导、柔性管控传导3个方面剖析上海空间规划自上而下、从规划到实施的传导全过程,为构建我国空间规划体系提供借鉴。

With the reform of Chinese urban planning management institutions and the reconstruction of the spatial planning system,2020 became an important year for the formulation of territorial planning.Shanghai has taken the lead in realizing multi-plan integration in China through the merger of planning and land functional departments.The innovations and results it achieved in planning concepts,planning methods and transmission systems are of guiding significance for the construction of spatial planning systems in other cities across the country.This paper analyzes the relationship between the development and management of the local government and the central government in the foreign planning system based on summarizing the spatial planning systems of Japan,Germany and the Netherlands and defining the content and transmission pattern of planning at all levels.Then,it systematically summarizes the main content of Shanghai’s spatial planning system from three aspects:overall planning level,unit planning level and detailed planning level.Taking the three-level planning practice in Chongming District,Shanghai as an example,it analyzes the whole transmission process of Shanghai’s spatial planning from top to bottom and from planning to implementation from the three aspects of strategic intention transmission,rigid index transmission and flexible control transmission.It may provide a reference for Chinese spatial planning system.