公法与私法配合视角下的城市更新制度——荷兰乌特勒支中央火车站地区更新过程的启示

URBAN REGENERATION MECHANISM FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF COORDINATION OF PUBLIC LAW AND PRIVATE LAW:INSPIRATION FROM THE REGENERATION PROCESS OF CENTRAL RAILWAY STATION IN UTRECHT,THE NETHERLANDS

分析荷兰乌特勒支中央火车站地区公私合作的更新改造历程,指出公法建立了弹性动态的规划管控模式;私法通过开发协议促进政企合作。公法与私法并行运作推动规划主动实施,公私合作的开发协议贯穿项目开发全过程管理,提升了项目的创造力和可持续性。公私法的相互融合是现代法律制度的发展方向,也是我国推动市场主体参与城市更新的重要制度背景。建议在公法角度建立具有适应性和弹性的详细规划制度,完善规划许可的类型与程序;在私法角度重视各类协议的作用和地位,发挥公私合作的潜力,保障土地增值的公共还原。

This paper analyzes the regeneration process of Central Railway Station area in Utrecht,the Netherlands,through a public-private partnership and points out that public law establishes a flexible and dynamic planning management and control model;and private law promotes government and business cooperation through development agreements.The parallel operation of public law and private law pushes the planning implementation and the development agreement of public-private partnership runs through the whole process of project development,which enhances the creativity and sustainability of the project.The mutual integration of public law and private law is the future development direction of the modern legal system,and an important institutional background for China to promote urban regeneration through private-sector participation.In terms of public law,it recommends an adaptive and flexible detailed planning system,and simplified procedure of planning permission;in terms of private law,the role and status of various agreements should be fully emphasized,to tap the potential of public-private partnership and ensure that the public benefits from land value increase.