北斗卫星导航系统伪距偏差特性及减轻措施研究

Study on the Characteristics and Mitigation Measurements of BDS Pseudorange Biases

随着人们对卫星导航系统定位精度需求的不断提升,近年来伪距偏差问题越来越受到广泛关注.然而截至目前,国内外专家学者对北斗系统的伪距偏差问题研究甚少.本文首先深入分析了北斗系统的伪距偏差产生根源,在此基础上对伪距偏差随接收机参数设置变化的关系进行详细阐述.然后基于昊平观测站的40m大口径天线采集的各颗北斗卫星下行信号数据,利用软件接收机遍历并分析了在不同接收机带宽、不同相关器间隔情况下,以及不同卫星仰角情况下北斗各颗卫星的B1I和B3I信号伪距偏差测量结果.最后根据北斗伪距偏差的特点,首次给出了我国北斗接收机参数设置建议.研究结果表明:在一定的接收机参数设置范围内,本文提出的方法可以将北斗伪距偏差降低到20cm以内.本文的研究成果不仅能够进一步促进广大专家学者对我国北斗伪距偏差的深入了解及广泛关注,同时还能促进我国BDS(BeiDou Navigation Satellite System)及其他GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System)系统接口控制文件的进一步完善.

With the increasing demands for higher positioning precision of global satellite navigation systems,pseudorange biases have been receiving more and more attentions in recent years.Unfortunately,few researches have been done on the pseudorange biases of Beidou navigation satellite system(BDS).The origin of BDS pseudorange biases are illustrated thoroughly in the beginning,and then based on which the dependency of biases on receiver configurations are studied.Our research used high-fidelity BDS satellite signal observations collected by a 40 m high-gain dish antenna in Haoping Observatory,and used software receiver technology to achieve the pseudorange biases results of BDS B1I and B3I signals from different front-end bandwidths,different correlator spacings and different satellite elevations.Finally,based on the characteristics of BDS pseudorange biases,the suggested settings of BDS receiver configurations such as front-end bandwidth and correlator spacing are clearly proposed for the first time.Research results show that the pseudorange biases of BDS signals will be less than approximately 20 cm under the condition proposed in this paper.This study will contribute to a better understanding of and special attention to pseudorange biases,and will be a significant promotion to a clear definition of the appropriate receiver parameter settings in the ICDs for BDS and other individual satellite system.