变态相似理论应用于鱼道模型试验研究

Study on the application of distortion similarity theory to fishway model test

为使鱼道模型中进口流场与试验鱼类的游泳能力相匹配,在以往变态模型相似性研究的基础上,将变态相似理论应用于鱼道建筑物,使模型变率小于1。利用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)软件对3种变率方案下的鱼道建筑物进行数值模拟计算,根据计算结果量化变率对物理模型中水流特性的影响,得到变率对横向、纵向、平面速度的影响规律以及建筑物中流量对变态相似误差产生的影响,并给出了可参考的变率范围。

Based on the previous study of distortion model similarity,the paper applies the distortion similarity theory to fishway building in order to match the entrance flow field in physical model to the swimming ability of fish tested,and sets the model distortion ratio less than 1.Numerical simulation of the fishway for three kinds of distortion ratio is carried out by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD)software.The results quantify the influence of the distortion ratio on the flow characteristics in the physical model,obtain the influence of the distortion ratio on lateral,longitudinal and plane velocities and the flow in buildings on distortion similarity errors,and give the reference range of distortion ratio.