人性化护理对胆囊炎术后患者早期下床活动及对患者术后血栓形成的影响研究

Application of Humanized Nursing in the Early Getting Out of Bed after Cholecystitis Operation and Its Influence on Thrombosis after Operation

目的探讨人性化护理在胆囊炎术后早期下床活动中的应用及对患者术后血栓形成的影响。方法纳入2019年4月至2020年8月于我院接受治疗的96例胆囊炎治疗手术患者作为探讨对象。按照硬币的正反法将探讨对象随机分成探讨组(n=48)与对照组(n=48)。对照组接受术前准备、监测病情、健康教育等常规护理;探讨组采取人性化护理,包括心理护理、护理流程细分、建立舒适的治疗环境、人性化健康宣教及出院引导。对比两组术后恢复状况,具体有:初始进食时长、下床活动时长、排气时长等。对比两组血栓、切口感染、腹泻以及便秘、胆瘘等并发症出现状况。对比且评估两组在护理前、护理1周后的心理状态改变状况。心理状况利用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估。结果对照组术后的下床活动时长、初始进食时长、排气时长及住院时长分别为(2.92±0.47)d、(1.98±0.45)d、(1.97±0.43)d、(8.48±0.85)d;探讨组分别为(1.85±0.38)d、(1.36±0.34)d、(1.56±0.38)d、(5.28±0.74)d。护理后,探讨组在术后的下床活动时长、初始进食时长、排气时长及住院时长均比对照组短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。探讨组术后的血栓、切口感染、腹泻或便秘、胆瘘等并发症出现例数显著少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理前比较两组SAS和SDS评分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后两组SAS和SDS评分均呈降低趋势,且探讨组比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在胆囊炎术后早期下床活动中应用人性化护理干预可有效缩短患者胆囊炎手术的术后恢复时长,心理状态得到改善,有效降低了静脉血栓等有关并发症的产生。

Objective To explore the application of humanized nursing in early getting out of bed after cholecystitis and its influence on patients with postoperative thrombosis.Methods A total of 96 patients undergoing surgery for cholecystitis who were treated in our hospital from April 2019 to August 2020 were included as subjects of investigation.According to the positive and negative method of coins,the subjects were randomly divided into a discussion group(n=48)and a control group(n=48).The control group received preoperative preparation,disease monitoring,health education,and other routine care;the discussion group took humanized nursing,including psychological nursing,subdivision of nursing procedures,establishment of a comfortable treatment environment,humanized health education,and discharge guidance.The postoperative recovery status of the two groups was compared,specifically:the length of initial feeding,the length of getting out of bed,and the length of exhaust.The two groups were compared with thrombosis,incision infection,diarrhea,constipation,biliary fistula and other complications.Compare and evaluate the changes in the mental state of the two groups before and after one week of nursing.Psychological status was assessed using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and the Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS).Results The time of getting out of bed,the length of initial eating,the length of exhaust and the length of hospitalization after operation in the control group were(2.92±0.47)d,(1.98±0.45)d,(1.97±0.43)d,(8.48±0.85)d,respectively;the discussion group were(1.85±0.38)d,(1.36±0.34)d,(1.56±0.38)d,(5.28±0.74)d.After nursing,the duration of getting out of bed,the duration of initial eating,the length of exhaust and the duration of hospitalization in the discussion group were shorter than those of the control group after surgery,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of postoperative complications such as thrombus,incision infection,diarrhea or constipation,and biliary fistula in the discussion group was significantly less than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were compared before nursing,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);after nursing,the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups showed a decreasing trend,and the discussion group was lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of humanized nursing intervention in early getting out of bed after cholecystitis surgery can effectively shorten the recovery time after cholecystitis surgery,improve the psychological state,and effectively reduce the occurrence of venous thrombosis and other related complications.