不同时期生物反馈联合低频电刺激护理措施对初产妇产后盆底功能障碍性疾病的影响

Effect of Biofeedback Combined with Low-frequency Electrical Stimulation in Different Periods on Postpartum pelvic Floor Dysfunction of Primipara

目的探讨不同时期生物反馈联合低频电刺激护理措施对初产妇产后盆底功能障碍性疾病的影响。方法研究对象为2019年6月至2020年8月在我院接受护理干预的150例盆底功能障碍初产妇,按照入院先后顺序将其分为对照组和观察组,每组75例。两组患者均采取常规康复引导,对照组在患者分娩6个月后接受生物反馈和低频电刺激,研究组在产后42 d接受生物反馈和低频电刺激,两组均持续干预35 d,在此期间两组患者均需使用阴道和康复器进行阴道收缩运动。记录两组患者的盆底肌Ⅰ、Ⅱ类纤维肌电压;随访6个月后,统计两组患者的尿失禁、子宫脱垂发生率;采取SF-36简明健康状况量表(SF-36)评价两组患者护理干预前后的生活质量。结果护理前,两组盆底肌Ⅰ、Ⅱ类肌电压比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,两组盆底肌Ⅰ、Ⅱ类类肌电压较护理前更高,且研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组尿失禁及子宫脱垂发生率分别为18.67%、5.33%,低于对照组的33.33%、16.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。护理前,两组的生活质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,两组的生活质量评分较护理前更高,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对初产妇在产后42 d进行生物反馈和低频电刺激治疗能够使其盆底肌肉神经功能及肌力显著提高,降低尿失禁及子宫脱垂的发生率,提升生活质量。

Objective To explore the effects of biofeedback combined with low-frequency electrical stimulation in different periods on postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction in primiparas.Methods The study subjects included 150 primiparas with pelvic floor dysfunction who were treated in our hospital from June 2019 to August 2020.They were divided into a control group and an observation group according to the order of admission,75 cases in each group.Both groups of patients were guided by conventional rehabilitation.The control group received biofeedback and low-frequency electrical stimulation 6 months after delivery,and the study group received biofeedback and low-frequency electrical stimulation 42 days postpartum.Both groups continued to intervene for 35 days.During the period,both groups of patients need to use the vagina and rehabilitation device to perform vaginal contraction exercises.Record the pelvic floor muscle type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ fibromyal voltages of the two groups of patients;after 6 months of follow-up,the incidence of urinary incontinence and uterine prolapse of the two groups of patients was counted;the quality of life of the two groups of patients before and after nursing intervention was evaluated by 36-item Short-form Health Survey(SF-36).Results Before nursing,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of pelvic floor muscle type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ voltages(P>0.05);after nursing,the two groups of pelvic floor muscle type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ voltages were higher than before,and the study group was higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The occurrence rates of urinary incontinence and uterine prolapse in the observation group were 18.67% and 5.33%,which were lower than 33.33%and 16.00% of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).Before nursing,there was no statistically significant difference in the quality of life scores between the two groups(P>0.05);after nursing,the quality of life scores of the two groups were higher than before nursing,and the observation group was higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion The effect of biofeedback and low-frequency electrical stimulation on primiparous women 42 days postpartum can significantly improve the pelvic floor muscle nerve function and muscle strength of primiparas,reduce the incidence of urinary incontinence and uterine prolapse,and improve the quality of life.