不同阶段心理干预对血液透析患者自我护理能力和生活质量的影响

Effect of Psychological Intervention at Different Stages on Self-care Ability and Quality of Life of Hemodialysis Patients

目的探讨不同阶段心理干预对血液透析患者自我护理能力和生活质量的影响。方法选取2017年6月至2018年9月本院收治的134例血液透析患者为研究对象,根据随机对照试验基本原则,利用区组随机化分组法将其分为观察组与常规组,各67例,常规组实施传统护理干预,观察组则在传统护理干预基础上根据患者不同治疗阶段实施针对性心理护理干预,比较两组患者的自我护理能力[我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)]、生活质量[生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)量表]、护理满意度、焦虑情况[焦虑自评量表(SAS)]、抑郁情况[抑郁自评量表(SDS)]。结果观察组患者躯体功能、社会功能、物质功能、心理功能评分显著高于常规组(P<0.05);观察组患者护理满意度、ESCA自我护理能力评分显著高于常规组(P<0.05);观察组患者SAS评分、SDS评分显著低于常规组(P<0.05)。结论不同阶段心理干预对血液透析患者的自我护理能力及生活质量有积极的影响,可提高患者自我护理能力及生活质量,降低其焦虑、抑郁情绪等不良情绪,提升护理满意度。

Objective To explore the effect of psychological intervention at different stages on self-care ability and quality of life of hemodialysis patients.Methods A total of 134 hemodialysis patients in our hospital from June 2017 to September 2018 were selected as the research objects.According to the basic principles of randomized controlled experiment,they were randomly divided into observation group and routine group,with 67 cases in each group.The routine group was given traditional nursing intervention,while the observation group was implemented according to different treatment stages of patients on the basis of traditional nursing intervention.The self-care ability(Exercise of Self-care Agency Scale,ESCA)and the quality of life(Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74,GQOLI-74),nursing satisfaction,anxiety(Self-rating Anxiety Scale,SAS),depression(Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS)of the two groups were compared.Results The physical function,social function,material function,and psychological function scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the conventional group(P<0.05);the observation group patients'nursing satisfaction and ESCA scores were significantly higher than those of the conventional group(P<0.05);the SAS score and SDS score of patients in the group were significantly lower than those in the conventional group(P<0.05).Conclusion Psychological intervention at different stages has a positive impact on the self-care ability and quality of life of hemodialysis patients,which can improve the self-care ability and quality of life of patients,reduce their anxiety,depression and other unhealthy emotions,and improve nursing satisfaction.