2018-2020年美国AP英语语言与写作试题评析及启示

The Study and Enlightenment of American AP English Language and Composition Examination

AP英语语言与写作考试是美国高考的选考项目之一,其主观题包括综合性写作、文学评论写作和议论文写作3类试题。其中,综合性写作提供了群文阅读的材料,要求考生弄清材料之间的内在关系,对纷繁复杂的信息进行意义建构;文学评论写作所选材料多为实用类文本,强调真实性和实用性,关注学生的审美体验和鉴赏能力;议论文写作则较为自由、开放,关注学生批判性思维和逻辑论证能力的考查。可以看出,AP英语语言与写作考试主观题以指向交流为写作目的,透过多种形式的写作题材综合考查学生在复杂情境中的语言运用能力。借鉴这些新颖灵活试题的设计经验,我国语言类写作评估设计可以尝试读写结合的测评,明确写作试题的交际语境,丰富写作评估的文体。

The English language and composition of advanced placement courses(AP)is one of the selected items in the American college entrance examination.The subjective questions for the AP English language and composition include synthesis essay,literary analysis essay and argumentative essay.Among them,comprehensive writing providesthe materials for group reading,which requires the examinee to make clear the internal relationship between the materials and construct the meaning of the complex information.The materials selected for literary criticism writing are mostly practical texts,emphasizing authenticity and practicality,and paying attention to students’aesthetic experience and appreciation ability.Argumentative writing is more free and open,focusing on students’written thinking process and logical argumentation ability.The purpose of the essay is to communicate with each other.The essay will be written in a variety of forms,and the students’pragmatic ability will be comprehensively tested.The novel and flexible test questions provide reference for the design of language writing evaluation in Chinese composition.Chinese composition examination can try to combine reading and writing,clarify the communicative context of writing questions,and enrich the style of writing evaluation.