科技体制改革如何影响收入分配——专业技术人员的收入状况与影响因素

How the Reform of Science and Technology System Affects Income Distribution——Research on the Income Status and Influencing Factors of Professional and Technical Personnel

市场化导向的科技体制改革对专业技术人员的收入分配具有多重影响。市场化变量对收入水平的影响主要表现为东部地区相对于中西部地区的收入优势、经营性活动参与者相对于非参与者的收入优势,但是企业化单位相对于机关事业单位仅有微弱的收入优势。市场化未能在区域层次和组织层次显著提升人力资本的收入回报率,但在个体层次上通过经营性活动显著影响人力资本的收入回报率。区域层次的市场化没有显著影响管理职务的收入回报率,组织层次上国有集体企业中管理职务的收入回报率有一定的提升,个体层次上的经营性活动局部性地降低了管理职务的收入回报率。

The market-oriented science and technology system reform has multiple effects on the income distribution of professional and technical personnel.The influence of marketization variables on the income level is mainly reflected in the income advantage of the eastern region compared to the central and western regions,and the income advantage of participants in business activities compared to non-participants,but the enterprise unit has only a weak income advantage compared to the government institutions.Marketization failed to significantly improve the rate of economic return of human capital for professional and technical personnel at the regional and organizational levels,but it significantly affected the rate of return of human capital through business activities at the individual level.The marketization at the regional level does not significantly affect the return on income of management positions.The return on income of management positions in state-owned/collective enterprises at the organizational level has increased to a certain extent.The business activities at the individual level has partially reduced the economic return from administrative power factors.