清代森林保护多元共治法律制度研究

A Study on the Multiple Co-governance Legal System for Forest Protection in Qing Dynasty

清代经由长期理性共识的积累与提炼,在森林保护方面形成了颇具中国特色的“多元共治”法律理念,并构建出符合森林生态治理内在要求的法律制度。古今森林保护问题的表现形式虽不尽相同,但受历史传统、法律文化、森林自然特征等方面因素影响,古今森林保护法律制度在森林资源开发利用与生态保护中关于多元共治的内在逻辑要求具有相通性。清代森林保护多元共治法律制度对完善现代森林保护法律制度以及提升《中华人民共和国森林法》的实效皆具有重要借鉴意义。

After a long term accumulation and refinement of rationality and consensus,the Qing Dynasty formed a legal concept of"multiple co-governance"with Chinese characteristics in terms of forest protection,and constructed a legal system in accordance with the intrinsic requirement of ecological governance of forest. Whether in the past or at present,manifestations of the forest protection issue may vary,but commonalities can be found in the inherent logical requirements of the legal systems for forest protection in regard to multiple co-governance in the development utilization of forestry resources as well as ecological protection,due to the influence of such elements as history and tradition,law and culture,and the natural attributes of forests. The multiple co-governance legal system of the Qing Dynasty for forest protection can serve as an important reference for perfecting the modern forest protection legal system and improving the effectiveness of the Forest Law.