中国少数民族流动人口的初婚进入及影响因素

The Age of First Marriage and Its Influencing Factors of the Floating Minorities in China

少数民族流动人口受现代化和传统婚姻习俗的共同影响,既具有全国初婚模式变迁的共性,又有其自身特色。对2017年流动人口动态监测调查数据分析发现:(1)当前婚龄群体选择晚婚和同居特别是族际同居的可能性提高,但亲属同住能显著提高初婚进入;(2)受教育程度较高群体的族际婚发生比更高;(3)受教育程度较低群体的族内婚、晚婚和同居发生比更高,但流动距离较近的更可能晚婚,流动距离远、双方民族类型不同的更偏向于同居,这与流动增加了伴侣民族不同的可能性,但偏向族内婚的传统婚姻习俗仍会通过上辈人影响当前初婚世代群体,导致初婚进入阻碍有关。

Under the shaping of modernization and traditional marriage customs,the change of the floating minorities’first marriage modes has the some common features of the nationwide first marriage mode and its own characteristics.The data of CMDS in 2017 shows that the odds of floating minorities’late marriage and cohabitation,especially cohabitation with other ethnic marriageable group is increasing,but living with relatives can increase the odds of first marriage at present.However education received plays dramatic roles on the differences of inner-ethnic marriage,late marriage,for the floating minorities with higher education is more likely to have inter-ethnic marriage,while those with lower education is more likely to have inner-ethnic marriage,late marriage and cohabitation.Besides the migration distance also make differences in the marriage mode,i.e.short migration distance floating can increase the odds of late marriage,while the longer migration distance can increase the odds of cohabitation between different ethnic groups,because the migration or floating experience increases the inter-ethnic intercourse but decreases the odds of inner-ethnic intercourse among the marriageable groups,and the traditional marriage customs enhanced by short migration distance from original clan can prevent the inter-ethnic marriages from occurring by the obstacles from the family.