干旱砾漠区防护绿地植物群落配置模式研究

Plant community allocation modes of protection greenbelt in an arid gravel desert region

以乌鲁木齐南部冲积扇砾漠区防护绿地的27个植物群落配置模式为研究对象,结合层次分析法与模糊综合评价,对不同植物群落配置模式的生态效果进行综合评价并排序。结果表明:樟子松-白滨藜-粉苞菊+伊犁绢蒿、白榆-中亚沙棘-粉苞菊+准噶尔铁线莲、裂叶榆-中亚沙棘-粉苞菊+顶羽菊、沙枣-白滨藜-粉苞菊的配置模式生态效果表现良好;基于植物群落生态效果相似性和景观功能需求,对优化配置模式进行多样化扩展分析,提出了三维绿量大、盖度高、适应性强的乔灌木和自然草本组成的植物群落优化配置模式,为干旱砾漠区防护绿地建设提供理论依据和技术支撑。

We investigated 27 different plant community allocation modes for a protection greenbelt in the alluvial fan gravel desert area in southern Urumqi.The ecological effects of different plant community allocation modes were evaluated and ranked using the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model.We found that the allocation of several species was beneficial:Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica-Atriplex cana-Chondrilla piptocoma+Seriphidium transiliense,Ulmus pumila-Hippophae rhamnoides-Chondrilla piptocoma+Clematis songorica,Ulmus laciniata-Hippophae rhamnoides-Chondrilla piptocoma+Acroptilon repens,and Elaeagnus angustifolia-Atriplex cana-Chondrilla piptocoma.The expansion of these optimal allocation modes was analyzed based on the similarity of ecological effects of plant communities and landscapes.The allocation modes composed of high tridimensional green biomass,high coverage,and strong adaptability are proposed as being optimal.This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the construction of a protection greenbelt in an arid gravel desert region.