北京市海淀区新型冠状病毒肺炎患者及其家庭成员呼吸道病原谱研究

Multi respiratory pathogens detected in COVID-19 patients and their family members in Haidian district,Beijing

目的分析北京市海淀区新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者及其家庭成员中常见呼吸道病原体的流行情况,比较混合感染患者与只感染新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)患者的疾病严重程度差异。方法使用多重荧光定量PCR方法对2020年1—6月北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心检测的所有COVID-19患者及其家庭成员同期采集的样本进行呼吸道病原谱检测,并比较混合感染与非混合感染患者在性别、年龄构成和疾病严重程度方面的差异。结果在部分COVID-19患者样本中检出副流感病毒、人偏肺病毒、冠状病毒NL63型和肺炎支原体,部分家庭成员样本中检出呼吸道合胞病毒、人偏肺病毒和甲型H3型流感病毒。混合感染与非混合感染患者在性别、年龄构成和疾病严重程度上的差异无统计学意义。结论海淀区COVID-19患者存在多种呼吸道病原体与SARS-CoV-2混合感染现象,且与家庭成员呼吸道样本的病原谱不同。混合感染没有加重COVID-19患者的症状。通过呼吸道病原体多重PCR检测,可提供更为精准的医疗策略。

Objective To analyze the infection status of common respiratory pathogens in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients and their family members in Haidian district of Beijing and compare the disease severity between the COVID-19 patients with co-infections and the COVID-19 patients only infected with SARS-CoV-2.Methods Multiplex PCR was used to detect the pathogen spectrum by using the respiratory tract samples of COVID-19 patients and their family members collected by the Haidian Center for Disease Control and Prevention during January-June,2020.The differences in age and gender distributions and the severity of illness between the co-infection group and the non-co-infection group were compared.Results Parainfluenza virus,human metapneumovirus,NL63 coronavirus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae were detected in some samples of the COVID-19 patients,and respiratory syncytial virus,human metapneumovirus and H3 influenza virus were detected in samples of some family members.There was no statistical differences between the coinfection group and the non-co-infection group in gender,age distributions and the severity of illness Conclusion Coinfections of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens were observed in the COVID-19 patients in Haidian district.There was a difference in pathogen spectrum detected in samples between the COVID-19 patients and their family members.No increased morbidity or mortality were observed in the COVID-19 patients co-infected with other respiratory pathogens.Application of multiplex PCR can provide more accurate evidence for the development of medical strategies.