中医药防治儿童流感的用药规律分析

Analysis on the Medication Rule of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Prevention and Treatment of Influenza in Children

目的通过对1950年1月—2020年1月中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普数据库(VIP)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)收录的中医药防治儿童流感的文献分析整理,浅析用药规律。方法通过Excel 2010建立数据库,并应用SPSS 20.0统计软件对收集的数据进行统计分析,总结药物出现的频数以及所占百分比。结果共纳入文献102篇,涉及中药98味,共14类;用药频数>100次的药物共65味,累计用药频率96.0%;用药频数>1000次的药物共15味,累计用药频率60.3%;用药频数300~1000次的药物共20味,累计用药频率24.7%;根据药物分类标准,排在前3位的常用药物类别分别为清热药、解表药、化痰止咳平喘药,占81.6%;其中"寒性"药物使用的频率最高,"苦味"药物也更多的应用于儿童流感的治疗中;归肺、胃、心、肝经的药物使用频数较多,占总频数的68.2%。结论临床中治疗儿童流感以清热解表为主,佐以宣肺止咳,善用轻清之品,药性偏寒凉,同时注意顾护肺胃。

Objective To analyze and sort out the literature on prevention and treatment of influenza in children with traditional Chinese medicine included in CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP and CBM from January 1950 to January 2020,and medication law was analyzed.Methods Database was established by Excel,and SPSS20.0 statistical software was used to analyze the collected data,and the frequency and percentage of drugs were summarized.Results A total of 102 literatures were included,involving 98 traditional Chinese medicine flavors,a total of 14 categories.There were 65 drugs with the frequency more than 100 times,and the cumulative frequency of drug use was 96.0%.The drug frequency more than 1000 times was 15,and the cumulative drug frequency was 60.3%.20 drugs were used for 300~1000 times,and the cumulative frequency of medication was 24.7%.According to drug classification standards,the top 3 commonly used drugs were antipyretic,antiphlegm,antitussive and antiasthmatic,accounting for 81.6%.Among them,"cold"drugs were the most frequently used,and"bitter"drugs were also more commonly used in the treatment of pediatric influenza.The frequency of drug use in the lung,stomach,heart and liver channels was more,accounting for 68.2%of the total frequency.Conclusion The clinical treatment of influenza in children is mainly to clear the heat and relieve the table,with the help of dispersing lung qi to relieve cough,and make good use of light and clear products,which have cold and cool properties.At the same time,attention is paid to protecting the lung and stomach.