应用物种敏感分布法建立铅的生态安全土壤环境基准研究

Derivation of Ecological Safety Based Soil Quality Criteria for Lead by Species Sensitivity Distribution

由于日益严重的人类活动干扰,土壤重金属铅(Pb)污染严重。开展Pb生态安全的土壤环境基准研究,合理制定铅的生态基准值,对更好地预防与控制土壤Pb生态风险,加强土壤Pb污染的环境管理具有重要意义。本研究通过调研国内外Pb的陆生生态毒性研究,筛选并构建重金属Pb的有效毒性数据库(10%效应浓度(EC 10)或无观察效应浓度(NOEC))。将土壤pH作为毒性数据划分依据,采用5种物种敏感性分布模型(Burr TypeⅢ、Log-Normal、Log-Logistic、Gamma和Weibull)成功拟合毒性数据,建立不同土壤pH范围内的重金属Pb物种敏感分布曲线,推导不同土地利用方式下(自然保护地/农业用地、公园用地、住宅用地、工/商业用地)土壤Pb的生态基准值。结果表明,自然保护地和农业用地土壤Pb的生态基准范围为51.1~153 mg·kg^(-1),公园用地Pb的生态基准范围为172~342 mg·kg^(-1),住宅用地与工/商业用地的Pb基准值相对较大,分别为342~537 mg·kg^(-1)和440~634 mg·kg^(-1)。本研究可为我国污染土壤的生态风险评估框架及土壤风险管控标准的制定提供科学依据。

Due to the increasingly intensive anthropogenic disturbance,soils are susceptible to the pollution by heavy metals,with Pb pollution becoming one of the most severe issues worldwide.It is crucial and beneficial to derive soil environmental criteria for environmental risk assessment and contaminated land management of Pb pollution in soil.In this work,the terrestrial toxicity thresholds including 10%effect concentration(EC 10)or no observed effect concentration(NOEC)of Pb were collected from the ecotoxicological database and the published literature.The modeling analysis were performed using species sensitivity distribution(SSD)method according to soil pH.The soil environmental criteria for Pb were derived based on the protection levels of the different land use types.The results showed that soil quality criteria for Pb were 51.1~153 mg·kg^(-1),172~342 mg·kg^(-1),342~537 mg·kg^(-1) and 440~634 mg·kg^(-1) for natural reserve/agricultural land,park,residential land and industry/commercial land,respectively.This study provides the scientific basis for developing the ecological risk assessment framework and soil environmental standards for Pb in China.