作为族群的闽客民间文学研究的学术进路及其特点

The Academic Progress and Characteristics of Minnan and Hakka Folk Literature from the Perspective of Ethnic Group

客家文化与闽南文化更主要的是族群上的界定,作为族群意义上的闽客民间文学的研究成果并不平衡,闽台民间文学比较研究、闽南民间故事的人物形象与主题研究等方面的成果较多,研究方法以文化人类学、文艺美学研究为主,多学科研究方法综合运用;客家民间文学则主要集中于客家歌谣的研究,其他体裁如客家民间故事、传说、俗语等的研究成果则很少,研究方法较为单,以文艺美学、音乐学方法为主。研究者的主位与客位身份对民间文学的研究价值取向与执中程度亦有较大影响。在目前闽南民间文学研究已有丰硕成果的学术生态下,客家民间文学研究应充分地加以借鉴,汲其所长,避其不足,以促进客家民间文学研究。

Hakka culture and Minnan culture are mainly defined by ethnic groups.Their research in the sense of ethnic group are not balanced.There are many achievements in the comparative study of Fujian and Taiwan folk literature and the study of characters and themes of Minnan folk stories.The research methods are mainly of cultural anthropology,literary aesthetics and multidisciplinary approach.Hakka folk literature focuses more on Hakka ballads,but less on other genres such as Hakka folk stories,legends and colloquialisms,and the research methods are relatively simple,mainly literary aesthetics and musical methods.The subjective and objective identities of the researcher also have a great influence on the value orientation and degree of the research value of folk literature.In the current academic environment where the study of folk literature in Minnan area has yielded fruitful results,the study of Hakka folk literature should fully learn from this to foster the further development.