新型建筑卫生间排风系统研究

Study on the New Type Exhaust System of Building Toilets

随着建筑业的发展以及生活水平的提高,人们对于居住环境的要求越来越高。而大部分建筑卫生间即便有机械排风系统,仍会产生异味,让人产生不舒适感,影响建筑品质,甚至传播细菌和病毒等。建筑卫生间强制性排风设计一般为:外墙排出、土建风道或集中排风系统等几种方式。这几种排风的方式的共同点是,排风口或排气扇与座便器、蹲便器、小便器距离远,这些部位产生的污染物先经过一定的扩散后,才能到达排风口,此时已经对人造成影响。在便器上方设计墙壁排风装置,在墙体内直埋扁形塑料或其他材质风管,风口设置在便器附近,通过排风系统排到室外。住宅户内可通过排气扇与排风井连接,或与居住建筑双向流新风系统连接,公共建筑可在墙或夹墙内设置风管与集中式排风系统连接。本方案能够有效改变气流组织,适当降低设计排风量,降低能耗。能够从源头控制污染源,并进一步有利于人体的健康。

With the development of the construction industry and the improvement of living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for the living environment. And most of the building toilets even with mechanical exhaust system, will still produce odor, make people uncomfortable, affect the quality of the building, and even spread bacteria and viruses. The compulsory exhaust design of general building toilet is: external wall exhaust, civil air duct or centralized exhaust system. The common point of these exhaust methods is that the air outlet or exhaust fan is far away from the toilet, squatting toilet and urinal. The pollutants produced in these parts can reach the exhaust outlet only after certain diffusion, which has already affected people. A wall exhaust device is designed above the toilet, flat plastic or other material air pipes are directly buried in the wall, and the air outlet is set near the toilet, which is discharged to the outside through the exhaust system. In residential buildings, the exhaust fan can be connected with the exhaust shaft or the two-way fresh air system of residential buildings. In public buildings, the air duct can be set in the wall or sandwich wall to connect with the centralized exhaust system. This scheme can effectively change the air distribution, appropriately reduce the design exhaust air volume and reduce energy consumption. It can control the source of pollution from the source, and is further conducive to human health.