酒精对大鼠学习记忆能力的影响

Effect of alcohol on learning and memory ability of rats

目的观察酒精对大鼠学习记忆能力的影响,并探讨其初步机制。方法32只清洁级雄性SD大鼠随机分成对照组及酒精6%、8%、12%浓度组,每组8只,每天24 h自由饮,连续30 d。旷场实验观察大鼠的异动行为,Morris水迷宫实验观察大鼠学习记忆能力的变化,检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量,高效液相色谱法检测海马多巴胺(DA)含量变化。结果旷场实验中,与对照组相比,8%、12%酒精浓度组大鼠水平运动的时间和距离均显著延长(P<0.05),垂直运动的时间和距离均显著减少(P<0.05)。Morris水迷宫结果显示,与对照组相比,8%、12%酒精浓度组大鼠逃避潜伏期显著延长(P<0.05),穿越原站台的次数显著较少(P<0.05);8%、12%酒精浓度组大鼠血清中SOD活性显著下降(P<0.05),MDA含量显著增加(P<0.05),海马组织中DA含量显著较少(P<0.05)。结论酒精可能通过增加体内的自由基毒性和减少海马组织内DA含量导致大鼠学习记忆能力减退和出现异动行为。

Objective To observe the effect of alcohol on the learning and memory ability of rats and explore its preliminary mechanism.Methods Thirty-two male SD rats of clean grade were randomly divided into control group and alcohol 6%,8%,12%groups,8 rats in each group.They drank freely 24 hours a day for 30 days.Open field test was used to observe the abnormal behavior of rats,Morris water maze test was used to observe the changes of learning and memory ability of rats.The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in serum were measured.The content of dopamine(DA)in hippocampus was detected by HPLC.Results In the open field experiment,compared with the control group,the time and distance of horizontal movement of rats in 8%and 12%alcohol concentration groups were significantly longer(P<0.05),and the time and distance of vertical movement were significantly reduced(P<0.05).In Morris water maze test,compared with the control group,the escape latency of rats in 8%and 12%alcohol concentration groups was significantly prolonged(P<0.05)and crossed the original platform.The activity of SOD in serum decreased significantly(P<0.05).The content of MDA increased significantly(P<0.05).And the content of DA in hippocampus decreased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion Alcohol may increase the toxicity of free radicals and decrease the content of DA in hippocampus,which may lead to the decline of learning and memory ability and abnormal behavior in rats.