我国粮食安全问题的治理基础研究:问题识别、影响机理与治理路径

Research on Governance Basis for China’s Food Security Problems:Problem Identification,Influence Mechanism and Governance Path

通过测算我国的粮食自给率,并从公共治理的角度分析我国粮食安全问题的治理基础,可以发现,我国的谷物和口粮自给率均保持在了较高水平,但广义粮食自给率呈现出逐年下降的趋势,粮食消费对进口的依赖程度增加。在此基础上,通过分析劳动力成本上升、城镇化与耕地压力、环境与自然资源禀赋、粮价补贴与国内外粮价"倒挂"四类因素对我国粮食安全状态的影响,可以提出建立现代化农业发展模式、完善国家粮食安全体系、加强耕地与生态环境保护、健全农业支持保护制度等政策建议。

This paper calculates China’s food self-sufficiency rate,and analyzes the governance basis for China’s food security problems from the perspective of public governance.The results show that the self-sufficiency rate of grain and ration in China remains at a high level,but the generalized self-sufficiency rate of grain shows a trend of decrease year by year,and the dependence of grain consumption on import increases.On this basis,this paper analyzes the four types of factors that have influence on food safety status in China,including rising labor costs,the urbanization and its pressure on cultivated land,environment and natural resources endowment,food subsidies and inverted prices on domestic and overseas markets.It then puts forward some policy suggestions,such as establishing the modern agricultural development model,improving the national food security system,strengthening the protection of cultivated land and ecological environment,and improving the agricultural support and protection system.