升学锦标赛、教育内卷化与学区分层

Enrollment Tournament,Educational Involution and Stratification of School District

家庭子女数量锐减与残酷的升学淘汰机制导致城市基础教育陷入排位赛的内卷化竞争。基础教育难度低、知识更新慢、人才区分度不高,其教育分层更多依赖家庭社会经济地位通过"择校"完成,而非学生智识水平及学业成长潜力。民众和市场基于理性选择对教育资源调控政策做出"制度再适应",如果"物以类聚人以群分"的集体行动逻辑不发生质变,用教学硬件条件均等化、师资轮岗流动、"公民同招"等措施来保障教育公平的努力很难实现政策的初衷。着力改变城市家庭"育独苗"的反常家庭形态,大幅提升生育水平才是缓解教育内卷化的治本之策之一。

The sharp decline in the number of children of modern urban families and the brutal mechanism of selection for further education have led to the involuntary competition of basic education in the"tournament"style.Due to lower knowledge difficulty and distinction,slower update of knowledge,educational stratification in basic education is more dependent on the family’s economic and social status through"school selection",rather than students’intellectual level and academic growth potential.The general public and the market can make"institutional readjustments"to policies based on rational choices.The government’s efforts to ensure education fairness through equalization of teaching hardware conditions,the flow of teachers,and"equal recruitment"face difficulties to achieve the original policy intentions.The logic of group action based on group division has not undergone substantial change,and the school district regulation policy of basic education is difficult to achieve the expected results.Focusing on changing the abnormal family pattern in urban families,greatly improving the fertility level,these acts constitute part of the root solution of alleviating the involution of education.