论个人信息的刑事调取——以网络信息业者协助刑事侦查为视角

On the Criminal Retrieval of Personal Information——From the Perspective of Assisting Criminal Investigation by Network Information Operators

向网络信息业者调取用户个人信息是当前刑事侦查取证的重要措施之一。其所具备的技术便宜性和规范便宜性使得调取措施呈现出扩张的趋势。但是,在“信息主体—网络信息业者—侦查机关”这一信息传递链条中存在两个层面的非自愿性,信息主体将个人信息提供给网络信息业者并不意味着放弃其所享有的相关权益。基于此,有必要对当前刑事侦查措施体系下对调取的任意性措施予以矫正,基于信息类型和来源对调取措施进行分层,并在保障信息主体知情权的基础上协调网络信息业者与侦查机关之间的信息调取机制。

Echoing the features of cyber and digital revolution,collecting personal information from internet companies has become pervasive in criminal investigation.However,the transfer of information from information subjects to internet companies and then to investigators is nonvoluntary.Therefore,information subjects submitting personal information to internet companies shall not be deemed as waiving or abstaining relevant rights and interests bore in that information.In this sense,requesting personal information should comply with due process and be proportionate in accordance with the types of the information and information subjects,and the requesting process should be coordinated between internet companies and investigators based on guaranteeing the subject’s right to be informed.