疫情防控常态化下公立医院经济运行及补偿政策研究

Research on Economic Operation and Financing Policies of Public Hospitals under the Normalization of Pandemic Prevention and Control

目的:分析我国公立医院经济运行面临的主要问题,尤其是受新冠疫情影响我国公立医院经济运行情况,为完善疫情防控常态化下公立医院经济运行及补偿政策提供依据。方法:运用卫生健康财务年报资料对比分析疫情之前不同年份公立医院经济运行存在主要问题,运用疫情期间相关专项调查数据,分析疫情期间公立医院经济运行情况。结果:2013—2019年全国公立医院业务收支结余率由4.7%降至2.4%,资产负债率由44.7%增长至46.1%,亏损医院的亏损规模由-82亿元扩大至-313亿元。2020年1-9月份全国公立医院门急诊人次数较上年同期下降18.5%,出院人数较上年同期下降16.5%,医疗收入较上年同期下降9.8%。结论:取消药品加成和耗材加成后,公立医院运行压力巨大,疫情发生后全国公立医院业务量大幅下降,经济运行压力进一步增大,疫情防控常态化下我国公立医院的补偿政策需进一步完善。

Objective:To analyze the main problems facing the economic operation of public hospitals in China,especially the economic operation affected by the COVID-19,and provide a basis for improving the economic operation and financing policies of public hospitals under the normalization of pandemic prevention and control.Methods:Comparative analysis of the main problems in the economic operation of public hospitals in past years before the COVID-19 using health financial annual report,and using relevant special survey data during the COVID-19 to analyze the economic operation of public hospitals.Results:Business revenue and expenditure balance ratio public hospital was decreased from 4.7%in 2013 to 2.4%in 2019,the asset-liability ratio was increased from 44.7%to 46.1%,and the loss of loss-making hospitals expanded from-8.2 billion yuan to-31.3 billion yuan during the same period.From January to September 2020,the number of outpatient visits was decreased,the number of discharged patients,medical income were decreased by 18.5%,16.5%and 9.8%respectively compared with the same period of the previous year.Conclusion:After the implementation of drug and consumables zero-markup policy,public hospitals were under tremendous pressure.After the outbreak of COVID-19,the business volume of public hospitals had dropped sharply,and the economic operation pressure was further increased.It was necessary to improve the financing policy of public hospitals under the normalization of pandemic prevention and control.