三次产业集聚对大气污染的差异化空间效应——基于京津冀及周边地区“2+26”城市的实证研究

Differential Spatial Effects of the Three-industrial Agglomeration on Urban Air Pollution——Evidence from the“2+26”Cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Surrounding Areas

为提升京津冀及周边地区"2+26"城市的大气污染治理效率,研究基于空间杜宾模型,在该区域探究了三次产业集聚对城市大气污染的差异化影响。在2007—2016年间,该区域大气污染具有显著的空间相关性。"2+26"城市一二三产业集聚水平逐渐提高的同时,第一产业集聚对大气污染影响并不显著,二三产业集聚水平对大气污染均具有显著的本地和空间溢出效应,分别表现为正向和负向的影响。区域内各城市经济发展、对外开放、城市化和能源消费对大气污染的影响具有显著的本地效应和空间溢出效应。溢出效应的存在证明了打破区域行政边界、进行产业布局和污染治理的必要性与合理性。提出的政策建议包括多方位实现一体化发展、差异化产业发展策略、提升引进企业的环保门槛、合理规划城市化建设、经济手段和行政手段相结合治理大气污染等。

To enhance the efficiency of air pollution control in the"2+26"cities of the BTH region and surrounding areas,based on the Spatial Durbin Model(SDM),this study explores the differentiated impacts of agglomeration of the three industries on urban air pollution and its spatial spillover effects in this region.Significant spatial autocorrelations of urban air pollution are evidenced in the"2+26"cities from 2007 to 2016.The agglomeration levels of primary,secondary and tertiary industries in"2+26"cities have increased.There is no significant correlation between the agglomeration of the primary industry and air pollution in this region.The agglomerations of the secondary industry and the tertiary industry both have local and spatial spillover effects on air pollution,and show positive and negative impacts respectively.Economic development,opening up,urbanization and energy utilization have significant local and spatial spillover effects on air pollution.The existence of spillover effects proves the necessity and rationality of breaking administrative boundaries and carrying out industrial layout and pollution control.Policy recommendations include multi-faceted integrated development,differentiated development strategies of different industries,raising the environmental protection threshold of imported enterprises,rational planning of urbanization construction,combination of economic and administrative means to control air pollution,etc.