圣王登仙:论先秦时期黄帝神仙形象的生成

The Holy King to be an Immortal:on the Formation of the Immortal Image of Yellow Emperor in the Pre-Qin Period

黄帝本为上古传说时代杰出的部落联盟首领,春秋战国时期逐渐被尊奉为圣王,地位日益显耀。在战国时掀起的造神运动中,黄帝被塑造成了辅臣追随、至诚修道以至成仙的文化形象。早期道教经典频现黄帝神迹,神仙谱系《真灵位业图》出现“玄圃真人轩辕黄帝”的名号,均在很大程度上汲取了战国时期黄帝神仙形象的文化元素。

Yellow Emperor,originally the leader of the tribe in the ancient legend,was honored as the holy king in the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Periods,so his position became increasingly prominent.In the movement of creating immortals during the Warring States Period,Yellow Emperor was shaped as a cultural image with a lot of loyal followers,practicing Taoism and eventually becoming an immortal.His miracles were frequently found in many of the early Taoist classics.There appeared a title of“The immortal Yellow Emperor”in a picture of a family tree of immortals.To a great extent,they absorbed the cultural elements of the immortal image of Yellow Emperor in the Warring States period.