基于共振能量转移的生物传感器在食品安全检测中的应用研究进展

Progress on Application of Resonance Energy Transfer in Food Safety Detection

共振能量转移(Resonance energy transfer,RET)是一种发生在供体和受体之间的非辐射能量转移过程。RET的能量转移效率对供体和受体间的距离变化非常敏感,可被用于开发新型的光学生物传感器。与传统光学生物传感器相比,基于RET的生物传感器无需洗涤及分离过量标记物等步骤,可大幅简化检测流程。因RET具有灵敏度高、操作简便及速度快等优点,近年来,在医学诊断、生命科学研究、环境监控以及食品安全检测等领域备受关注。该文根据能量供体的不同,将RET分为3种类型:荧光共振能量转移(Fluorescence resonance energy transfer,FRET)、生物发光共振能量转移(Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer,BRET)和化学发光共振能量转移(Chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer,CRET)。并分别对基于上述3种RET类型的生物传感器在食品安全检测中的应用研究进展进行了综述,同时对其应用前景和发展趋势进行了展望。

Resonance energy transfer(RET)is a process of non-radiative energy transfer occurring between energy transfer donor and energy transfer acceptor.The energy transfer efficiency of RET is very sensitive to changes in the distance between energy transfer donor and energy transfer acceptor,which thus could be used to develop new optical biosensors.Compared with traditional biosensors,RET-based biosensors could be used to significantly simplify the detection procedure by eliminating steps such as washing and separating excess markers.The new biosensing analysis technology based on RET have attracted more and more attention in the fields of medical diagnosis,life science research,environmental monitoring and food safety due to its high sensitivity,easy operation and rapidness.Based on the difference of energy transfer donors,the RET is divided into three types in this article,i.e.fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET),bioluminescence resonance energy transfer(BRET)and chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer(CRET).By far,the application of FRET is the most common,whose development has gone through several stages.Meanwhile,the luminescent materials of FRET are further divided into organic fluorescent dyes,quantum dots(QDs),noble metal nanomaterials and up-conversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)in order,and typical application pairs are selected respectively.In addition,their advantages and disadvantages are summarized and compared.Compared with FRET,BRET and CRET do not require excitation of external light,so they can avoid many side-effects caused by external light,greatly reducing background interference and“false positive”problems.The research progresses of biosensors based on the above three types of RET in food safety detection are summarized in this article,and their application prospects and development trends are also anticipated.