社会力量参与公共危机治理的路径探究——基于社会资本理论

The Path of Social Forces Participating in Public Crisis Management Based on Social Capital Theory

公共危机不仅是对政府治理能力的挑战,更是对全社会整体能力的综合考验,需要最大程度地动员社会力量形成互惠合作的治理共同体。虽然社会力量参与公共危机治理有着动员范围广、效率高、贴近基层以及回应性强等优势,但是从社会资本层面来看,还存在着参与主体间信任不足、互惠规范匮乏、治理网络缺失以及公共精神尚未形成等影响治理效果的问题。基于此,文章建议从三个层面进行社会力量参与公共危机治理的路径创新:从信任层面看,着重强化政府和公众对社会组织的信任;从社会规范层面看,健全公共危机治理法律法规,夯实公共危机治理主体联动的精神基础;从治理网络层面看,拓展社会组织参与空间,健全危机信息资源共享网络。

The public crisis is not only a challenge to the governance capacity,but also a test of the society’s comprehensive ability.It is necessary to mobilize social forces to form a reciprocal governance community.Although the participation of social forces in public crisis management has the advantages of wide mobilization,high efficiency,close to the grass roots and strong responsiveness,from the view of social capital,there are still problems that affect governance effectiveness,such as the lack of trust among participants,reciprocity and governance network and public spirit.Thus,it is suggested that the path of social forces participating in public crisis management should be innovated from the following three levels:from the view of trust,we should emphasize the credibility of government and the public to social organization;from the view of social norm,we should improve the laws and regulations of public crisis management and consolidate the spiritual foundation of the linkage of the public crisis management system;from the view of governance network,we should expand the participation space of social organizations,and improve the crisis information resource sharing network.