非虚构文本《生死十日谈》承载的“底层之痛”

“The Pain of the Underclass”in the Non-Fiction Text Decameron of Life and Death

孙惠芬《生死十日谈》对辽南农村自杀问题的直面,源于她的文学立场和观念,她认为“在文学里,最温暖的烛光应该烛照阳光背面、阴影和黑暗”。《生死十日谈》以强烈的底层意识,以独特的“非虚构小说”文学形式,以非虚构叙事的纪实策略营造出一种真实感,从物质和精神多个层面揭示底层农民的生存困境和精神绝望,直击“非正常死亡”及其身后隐藏的“自杀遗族”这一痛点,直面一个无法发声的群体并试图为其“发声呐喊”,运用触目惊心的现实和简洁练达的笔法,将“非正常死亡”与“自杀遗族”的现状呈现于世,以期得到读者的关注、社会的反思,并起到警示作用,这在一定意义上拓展了文学的边界,具有文学意义和价值。

Holding the belief that“the warmest candlelight”in literature should light the places lacking sunshine and dispel shadows and darkness,Sun Huifen directly confronts the problems of suicide in rural areas in southern Liaoning Province in her work Decameron of Life and Death.This book,written in the unique form of non-fiction novel with a keen concern for people at the bottom of the society,reveals the peasants’living plight and spiritual despair on material level and spiritual level.The use of documentary tactics infuses a sense of reality which makes it possible to directly face the cases of“unnatural death”as well as“the survivors of suicide”.By writing the shocking reality with simple words,the writer wants to make the phenomenon of“unnatural death”and“the survivors of suicide”better known by the public and speak for this voiceless community to attract readers’attention,to arouse social reflection and to warn the whole society.It is literarily significant and valuable for extending the boundary of literature.