第二次世界大战后美国海军的战略调整及其海权理论思考

The Strategic Adjustment of the U.S. Navy after World War Ⅱ and Its View on Sea Power Theory

第二次世界大战后(以下简称二战),美国海军面临的战略环境发生巨大变化。美国海军进行了针对性的部队转型与能力建设方面的调整,使其仍然能够发挥制海权的优势来制约陆地强国苏联。客观上,朱利安·科贝特的“大陆海权论”是为二战后美国海军战略调整的理论来源。但是,从深层次上看,美国对海权战略的重视乃为二战后美国海军得以成功转型的动力所在。这对后冷战时代美国的新海洋战略及全球安全形势产生了重大影响。

Tremendous changes have taken place in the strategic environment of the U.S. Navy after World War Ⅱ, and the U. S. Navy has to correspondingly transform the troop and adjust the capacity building in order to restrict the land power Soviet Union by taking advantage of its sea power. Objectively,the"Land-Sea Power"theory of Julian S. Corbett is the theoretical direction of the adjustment of the U.S.Navy after World War Ⅱ. However, the attaching importance to the sea power strategy is the deep factor and impetus of the successful transformation of the U. S. Navy. It makes significant impact on the new maritime strategy of the U.S. and the global security situation in the post-Cold War period.