2006-2019年辽宁省流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行特征分析

Epidemioloical Characteristics of Meningococcal Meningitis in Liaoning Province From 2006 to 2019

目的分析辽宁省流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)流行特征,为了解流脑流行现状,制定流脑防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析2006-2019年辽宁省流脑发病数据。结果 2006-2019年辽宁省共报告流脑病例183例,年均报告发病率为0.030 1/10万,死亡28例,年死亡率为0.004 6/10万,病死率为15.30%。发病时间以冬春季为主,11月至次年5月报告病例数占病例总数的89.07%;发病年龄主要集中在20岁以下,占病例总数的52.46%。2006-2019年共检出明确脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Nm)分群病例11例,A群最多(81.82%)。从密切接触者分离到Nm 54株,A群最多(66.67%)。结论 2006-2019年辽宁省流脑疫情处于较低水平,应加强儿童流脑监测工作,做好实验室检测,提高Nm检出率,关注菌群变迁和耐药情况。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of meningococcal meningitis in Liaoning Province,to understand the epidemic status,and to provide evidence for prevention and control of meningococcal meningitis. Methods The incidence data of meningococcal meningitis in Liaoning Province were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods from 2006 to 2019. Results From2006 to 2019, a total of 183 cases of meningococcal meningitis were reported in Liaoning Province. The annual reported morbidity was 0.0301/105, there were 28 cases of death, with an annual mortality rate of 0.0046/105,the case fatality rate was 15.30%. The incidence peaks were maily in winter and spring, and the number of reported cases from November to the following May were accounted for 89.07%. The incidence age was mainly under 20 years old,accounting for52.46%. From 2006 to 2019,Neisseria meningitides(Nm) serogroups were determined in 11 cases, with serogroups A was the most, accounting for 81.82%. And 54 Nm strains were isolated from close contacts, serogroups A had the most,accounting for 66.67%. Conclusion From 2006to 2019, the epidemic of meningococcal meningitis in Liaoning Province was at a low level. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring work of the children,improve the detection rate of Nm,and pay attention to the changes of serogroups and drug resistance.