论基因技术滥用的犯罪风险及其规制

On the Criminal Risk and Regulation of the Abuse of Genetic Technology

基因技术的滥用会带来新型犯罪的出现,对人类生命伦理、尊严法益带来相应的冲击与考验,所以运用刑法对其进行规制具有天然的必要性。域外经验中的“法典模式”“单行法模式”及“混合模式”三种样态可提供有益借鉴,同时也要清晰地看到我国目前的制度缺陷。为应对基因医疗犯罪所带来的挑战以及加强对其滥用风险的规制,我国在规制的模式上应当采取“法典式+附随式”的模式。具体到刑法层面,在恪守法益保护的原则下,应尽快完善刑法解释并继续对基因医疗犯罪增设多方面的专有罪名。

The abuse of genetic technology will lead to new criminal act,which will challenge and test the legal benefits of human ethics and dignity,so it is of certain necessity for criminal law to regulate it.The three patterns of"code mode","single line mode"and"mixed mode"in foreign experience can provide useful reference.Meanwhile,we need to confront current system defects directly.In order to deal with the challenges brought by the genetic crime and strengthen the regulation of its risk abuse,China should adopt the mode of"codified+attached"in regulation mode.In the aspect of criminal law,we should improve the interpretation of criminal law and continue to add many special charges to the crime of genetic medical treatment under the principle of protecting legal interests.