小麦品种持绿性与农艺性状及产量性状相关分析

Correlation Analysis of Stay-green with Agronomic Characters and Yield Characters of Wheat Varieties

以9个冬小麦品种(系)为试材,在雨养条件下种植,分析比较基于主茎旗叶绿叶面积的衰老特征参数与主要农艺性状及产量性状的关系,探索持绿性对小麦产量形成的影响。结果表明,小麦最大衰老速率(MRS)、衰老起始时间(Ts)与单株产量、千粒质量、主穗粒质量、主穗粒数、有效小穗数、每穗小穗数、有效分蘖数呈负相关,尤其与有效小穗数、每穗小穗数的相关性达显著水平;达到最大衰老速率时间(TMRS)、最大衰老速率时绿叶面积的百分比(PGMS)、完全衰老时间(To)与单株产量、千粒质量、主穗粒质量、主穗粒数、有效小穗数、每穗小穗数、有效分蘖数呈正相关,尤其TMRS与单株产量的相关性达显著水平。根据综合评价D值将参试小麦品种聚为3类,第1类包括品种长6878、S1702,其TMRS、PGMS及To较大,为持绿型品种;第2类包括品种S1713、S1718、S1721、S1616、S1717、S1706,为中间型品种;第3类包括品种S1720,其TMRS、Ts及To较小,为非持绿型品种。影响小麦持绿性的主要性状包括主穗粒数、单株产量、有效小穗数、达到最大衰老速率的时间、千粒质量、主穗粒质量、最大衰老速率时绿叶面积的百分比。研究结果可为小麦生产实践中持绿型品种的选择提供参考依据。

In this study,nine winter wheat varieties(lines)were planted under rain fed conditions,and the relationship between senescence characteristic parameters based on green leaf area of main stem flag leaf and main agronomic and yield traits was analyzed and compared,to explore the effect of stay-green on wheat yield formation.The results showed that MRS and Ts were negatively correlated with yield per plant,thousand kernel quality,grain quality of main spike,number of grains per spike,effective spikelet number,spikelets per spike and effective tiller,especially with effective spikelet number and spikelets per spike.TMRS,PGMS and To were positively correlated with yield per plant,thousand kernel quality,grain quality of main spike,number of grains per spike and effective spikelet number,spikelets per spike and effective tiller,especially TMRS was significantly correlated with yield per plant.According to the comprehensive evaluation D value,the tested wheat varieties were grouped into three categories.The first group included Chang 6878 and S1702,whose TMRS,PGMS and To were larger,and they were green type.The second type included varieties S1713,S1718,S1721,S1616,S1717 and S1706,which were intermediate varieties.The third type was S1720,which was a non green type with smaller TMRS,Ts and To.The main characters affecting the stay-green type wheat varieties included number of grains per spike,yield per plant,effective spikelet number,time to maximum rate of senescence,thousand kernel quality,grain quality of main spike,percentage of green leaf area at maximum senescence.The results of this study will provide a reference for the selection of stay-green wheat varieties in wheat production practice.