基于人的需求层次在景观设计上的运用

Application of Human Hierarchy of Needs in Landscape Design

景观设计一直以来都以人的需求为出发点,而人的需求,按照美国心理学家亚伯拉罕·哈罗德·马斯诺(下文简称马斯诺)所归纳总结的五大需求层次为例论依据。马斯诺需求的五大需求层次理论,在逻辑心理学上是递进的关系,同时也说明了人在生理、安全、社交、尊重和自我实现五个层次上的不同需求;了解并且运用这一理论方法对于景观设计是十分必要的。它以人为中心,以人为本,正是设计存在的意义。本文在此理论上,以案例分别阐述五大需求层次在景观设计上的运用。

Landscape design has always been based on people's needs,and people's needs are based on the five hierarchy of needs summarized by American psychologist Abraham Harold Masno(hereinafter referred to as Masno).Masnault's theory of five levels of needs is progressive in logic and psychology.It also explains the different needs of human beings in five levels of physiology,security,social interaction,respect and self realization.It is necessary for landscape design to understand and use this theory.It is human-centered,people-oriented,is the meaning of the existence of design.Based on this theory,the application of five demand levels in landscape design was expounded with cases.