芳香烃受体在免疫调节中的作用及与程序性死亡受体1的联系

Role of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor in immunomodulation and its connection with programmed death 1

芳香烃受体(AhR)是一种配体依赖性转录因子,不同的配体介导不同甚至截然相反的作用。AhR配体种类以及来源多样,可以在细胞周期、机体生长发育、免疫细胞分化等方面发挥重要作用,其中在肿瘤免疫中发挥的调节作用尤为突出。近年来,程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)作为一种重要的免疫抑制分子,其通过与配体1(PD-L1)结合启动PD-1/PD-L1信号通路,在肿瘤免疫逃逸、器官移植排斥与自身免疫性疾病的发生发展中发挥不同作用。AhR通过与配体结合调节淋巴细胞向不同方向分化,影响PD-1/PD-L1表达,从而调节免疫系统。本文对AhR在生理和病理情况下如自身免疫性疾病、肿瘤、移植等所发挥的免疫学作用进行综述,并对AhR和PD-1之间可能存在的联系进行分析展望。

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR)is a ligand-dependent transcription factor,and different ligands mediate different or even opposite effects.It has been found that AhR ligands are diverse in types and sources,which can play an important role in cell cycle,growth and development of the body,and differentiation of immune cells.Among them,the regulatory role in tumor immunity is particularly prominent.In recent years,programmed death 1(PD-1)is an important immunosuppressive molecule,and the PD-1/ligand 1(PD-L1)signaling pathway plays different roles in tumor immune escape,organ transplant rejection,and the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases.AhR regulates the differentiation of lymphocytes in different directions by binding to ligands,and affects the expression of PD-1/PD-L1,thereby regulating the immune system.This article reviews the immunological effects of AhR under physiological and pathological conditions such as autoimmune diseases,tumors,transplantation,and analyze the possible relationship between AhR and PD-1.