以审美素养发展为目标的美育评价

The Evaluation of Aesthetic Education Aiming at the Development of Aesthetic Quality

美育评价是撬动面向人人的学校美育实施与发展的杠杆,其评价标准就是美育目标,即“提高学生审美与人文素养”。近年来,全国试点开展了“艺术素质测评”,这属于美育评价的重要部分,但不是全部。将国家规定开设的音乐课、美术课纳入学业考评,是推动学校美育的第一抓手,但也非美育实施和美育评价的全部;且其在评价模式和方法上,多采用事后总结性评价、笔答法等,或配以类似专业艺术技能表现的方式来进行,也有悖于面向普通学生的美育,以及必须是通过审美活动和美感体验为主线来进行的特性和规律。因此,如何以“审美素养”发展为目标,以体验式过程性评价为主导,充分利用智能化技术并伴随美育实施,随时随地收集分析数据和给予评价、反馈、调控和管理等,已经是新时代美育迫切需要完成的一项艰巨而意义非凡的任务。

The evaluation of aesthetic education is a lever to promote the implementation and development of school aesthetic education for everyone.Its first fulcrum is the goal of aesthetic education,that is“to improve students’aesthetic and humanistic quality”.In recent years,the national pilot of“art quality evaluation”has been carried out,which belongs to the first part of aesthetic education evaluation,but not all.The academic evaluation of state-designated music and art courses is the first hand to promote school aesthetic education,but it is far from all,too.Most measurements of artistic quality focus on summative assessments,paper-pencil tests,or similar professional art skills tests,neglecting the assessment of students’aesthetic experience,thus making the results and values questionable.How to take the development of“aesthetic quality”as the goal,take the experiential process evaluation as the leading,make full use of intelligent technology,and accompany the implementation of aesthetic education,collect and analyze data and give evaluation,feedback,regulation and management anytime and anywhere,has become an arduous and significant task that aesthetic education in the new era urgently needs to complete.