保护作品完整权侵权认定标准体系的构建

The Establishment of the Standard System of Infringement Recognition to Protect the Integrity of Works

目前学术界和司法界主要有四种保护作品完整权的侵权认定标准。这四种侵权认定标准各有利弊,但同时具有私人利益和公共利益保护不平衡、没有结合具体行为类型区分适用侵权认定标准、忽略对作品利用人主观意图考察的三个普遍性问题。因此,需要构建一个利益平衡、具有区分性、主客观相统一的侵权认定标准体系。通过法律解释法以及价值衡量法对不同侵权认定标准进行优劣比较的基础上,以利益平衡为指导原则,根据作品利用人是否获得授权、侵权行为的具体类型区分适用不同的侵权认定标准;根据作品利用人是否获得授权区分适用不同的归责原则,从而克服适用纯客观的侵权认定标准的弊端。

At present,there are mainly four kinds of infringement recognition standards in the academic and judicial circles to protect the right of integrity of works.These four criteria have their own advantages and disadvantages,but at the same time,there are three common problems,such as the imbalance between the protection of private interests and public interests,the failure to distinguish the application of the criteria based on specific behavior types,and the neglect of the subjective intention of the users of works.Therefore,it is necessary to construct a standard system of tort identification with balance of interests,differentiation and unification of subjectivity and objectivity.On the basis of comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different tort identification standards through legal interpretation method and value measurement method,and taking the balance of interests as the guiding principle,different tort identification standards are applied according to whether the user of the work is authorized or not and the specific types of tort acts.Different principles of imputation are applied according to whether the user of the work is authorized or not,so as to overcome the disadvantages of applying the purely objective criteria to the identification of infringement.