乌湖杂交羊与湖羊生长、繁殖及屠宰性能的比较分析

Comparative analysis of growth,reproduction and slaughter performance between Wuhu hybrid sheep and Hu sheep

为了探索以乌骨绵羊为父本、湖羊为母本的乌湖杂交羊在生长、繁殖和屠宰性能方面的杂交优势,为特色肉羊生产提供技术资料,试验选取相同饲养条件下初生重相近的乌湖杂交羊、湖羊各30只(公母各半),分别测定初生、1月龄、3月龄、6月龄、12月龄的体重,以及6月龄和12月龄的体尺,用于生长性能的研究;随机查阅同胎次乌湖杂交羊、湖羊经产母羊各30只的繁殖记录,用于繁殖性能的研究;选取12月龄乌湖杂交羊、湖羊各10只(公母各半)进行屠宰,分别测定宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率、眼肌面积,用于屠宰性能的研究。结果表明:初生、1月龄湖羊体重比乌湖杂交羊高0.06 kg、0.35 kg,3月龄、6月龄、12月龄乌湖杂交羊体重比湖羊高0.82 kg、0.53 kg、0.65 kg,但均差异不显著(P>0.05)。6月龄乌湖杂交羊体高、体斜长和胸围显著高于湖羊(P<0.05),管围高于湖羊但差异不显著(P>0.05),其体高、体斜长、胸围和管围分别比湖羊高4.56 cm、6.23 cm、3.68 cm、0.13 cm;12月龄乌湖杂交羊体高、体斜长、胸围和管围与湖羊之间均差异不显著(P>0.05)。乌湖杂交羊产羔率和成活率与湖羊比较差异不显著(P>0.05),乌湖杂交羊产羔率比湖羊低17百分点,成活率比湖羊低1.70百分点。乌湖杂交羊宰前活重比湖羊高0.25 kg,其胴体重、屠宰率、眼肌面积均显著高于湖羊(P<0.05),分别提高了9.9%、10.7%、42.6%。说明乌湖杂交羊生长速度快、繁殖性能好、屠宰性能高,杂种优势明显,是理想型杂交组合,可用于肉羊生产。

To explore the hybrid advantage of Wuhu hybrid sheep(Wugu sheep as male parent,Hu sheep as female parent)in growth,reproduction and slaughter performance,and provide technical data for the production of characteristic mutton sheep,under the same feeding condition,30 Wuhu hybrid sheep and 30 Hu sheep with similar initial weight(half male and half female)were selected to measure the body weight at birth,1 months,3 months,6 months and 12 months of age,as well as the body sizes at 6 months and 12 months of age,so as to study the growth performance.The breeding records of 30 Wuhu hybrid sheep and 30 Hu sheep of the same litter were randomly reviewed for reproductive performance study.Ten 12-month-old Wuhu hybrid sheep and 1012-month-old Hu sheep were selected for slaughter performance(live weight before slaughter,carcass weight,slaughter percentage,eye muscle area)measurement,respectively.The results showed the body weight of Hu sheep at birth and 1-month-old was 0.06 kg and 0.35 kg higher than that of Wuhu hybrid sheep,respectively,the body weight of Wuhu hybrid sheep were 0.82 kg,0.53 kg and 0.65 kg higher than those of Hu sheep at the age of 3 months,6 months and 12 months,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).At 6 months of age,body height,oblique body length and chest circumference of Wuhu hybrid sheep were significantly higher than those of Hu sheep(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in tube circumference(P>0.05),the body height,oblique body length and chest circumference of Wuhu hybrid sheep were 4.56 cm,6.23 cm,3.68 cm and 0.13 cm higher than those of Hu sheep,respectively.There were no significant differences in body height,body oblique length,chest girth and tube girth between Wuhu and Hu sheep at 12 months of age(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in lambing rate and survival rate between Wuhu hybrid sheep and Hu sheep(P>0.05).Lambing rate and survival rate of Wuhu hybrid sheep were 17 and 1.70 percentage point lower than those of Hu sheep.The live weight of Wuhu hybrid sheep before slaughter was 0.25 kg more than that of Hu sheep,and the carcass heavy,slaughter rate,eye muscle area of Wuhu hybrid sheep was significantly higher than that of hu sheep(P<0.05),with an increase of 9.9%,10.7%and 42.6%,respectively.The results indicated that Wuhu hybrid sheep had fast growth rate,good reproductive performance,high slaughter performance and obvious heterosis,which was an ideal hybrid combination and could be used in the production of mutton sheep.