医学生自尊、一般自我效能感与PBL学习成绩关系研究

A research on association of self-esteem,general self-efficacy with PBL records in medical students

目的:分析某医学院校临床医学专业学生的自尊、一般自我效能感与PBL学习成绩三者之间的关系,为提高PBL学习效果和改进PBL教学方法提供科学依据。方法:采用整群抽样的方法,抽取中国华北某医科大学临医学专业学生312人为研究对象进行调查,收回有效问卷294份。主要测量工具包括一般自我效能感量表(GSES)和自尊量表(SEI)。统计方法为t检验和相关分析。结果:(1)一般自我效能感、自尊与PBL成绩存在显著正相关关系;(2)一般自我效能感对PBL有非常显著的预测作用;(3)自尊在一般自我效能与PBL成绩间不起中介作用。结论:提升医学生的一般自我效能感,可能是提高学生自主学习能力和PBL教学效果的有效策略之一。

Objective: To investigate the correlation among the self-esteem, general self-efficacy and problem-based learning(PBL) in medical students, and provide evidences to improve the PBL teaching mode and the students’ learning outcomes.Methods: A total of 312 students who major in clinical medicine were randomly selected by cluster sampling method from a medical college in North China to participate in this survey, and 294 valid questionnaires were retrieved.General Self-efficacy Scale(GSES) and Self-esteem Inventory(SEI) were used in this work.Data were analyzed by t-test and correlation analysis method. Results:(1)The results showed that general self-efficacy and self-esteem of medical students with different gender and length of schooling had no significant difference.(2)There was no significant correlation between PBL records and gender, but PBL records of "5+3" students were significantly higher than that of five-year students, with statistically difference.(3)Furthermore, we found that general self-efficacy had a significant positive correlation to self-esteem level, and both of them positively correlated with PBL records respectively.(4)This study also explored the prediction effects of general self-efficacy on PBL records.(5)Self-esteem was not a mediator in the relationship between general self-efficacy and PBL records.Conclusions: Improving students’ self-esteem as well as general self-efficacy, maybe an effective strategy to improve students’ ability of autonomous learning, as well as PBL teaching effect.