基于覆岩裂隙发育规律的高位钻孔合理布置研究

Reasonable arrangement of high position drilling holes based on development law of overlying rock fracture

为了保证矿井安全高效回采,解决工作面上隅角瓦斯问题,以覆岩裂隙发育规律为研究基础,对采空区顶板高位钻孔的合理布置方式进行研究。并以申南凹煤矿20102综采工作面为研究背景,采用相似模拟、理论分析以及现场试验多种方法综合研究,利用相似模拟二维实验研究20102综采工作面回采期间覆岩裂隙发育规律,确定覆岩随工作面回采过程中压实区、裂隙区等分布变化规律。研究结果表明:在时间次序上覆岩裂隙随工作面回采经历横向裂隙发育、纵向裂隙发育、裂隙场扩张、裂隙重新压实的推进演化过程,其中裂隙扩张区为高位钻孔的合理布置位置,能够有效地提高钻孔抽采效率,高位钻孔的合理布置层位位于裂隙带距顶板30~50m范围内,能够合理地保证钻孔成孔率以及高效抽采效率,有效地降低上隅角瓦斯浓度(达到0.4%左右),并且能够稳定保持。

In order to ensure the safe and efficient mining and solve the gas problem in the upper corner of the working face,based on the research of overlying rock fracture development law,20102 fully mechanized mining face of Shennanwa Coal Mine is taken as the research background,similar simulation,theoretical analysis and field test methods are carried out,and the the distribution and variation law of overlying rock with compaction area and fracture area during mining process are determined.The research results show that,in the time sequence,the overlying rock fracture undergoes the progressive evolution process of transverse fracture development,longitudinal fracture development,fracture field expansion and fracture re-compaction,and it’s reasonable to arrange the high-level boreholes in fracture field expansion area,which can effectively improve the gas extraction efficiency.The reasonable layout of high-level boreholes is located in the fracture zone 30~50 m under the roof,which can ensure the drilling hole forming rate and high-efficiency drainage efficiency,and effectively bring down the gas concentration in the upper corner(about 0.4%),and maintain it at a low level.