黄土高原林区生态系统服务价值与景观生态风险时空变化及其关联性——以子午岭区为例

Spatiotemporal variations of ecosystem service values and landscape ecological risk and their correlation in forest area of Loess Plateau, China: A case study of Ziwuling region

当前,人们对自然景观提供的生态系统服务保护意识正在加强,但将生态系统服务价值纳入生态风险管控的研究和实践相对较少。本研究以子午岭区为例,基于2.5 km×2.5 km的评价小区,开展了1980、1990、2000、2010和2017年黄土高原林区——子午岭区景观格局类型格网化和重采样,定量评价了生态系统服务价值和景观生态风险,揭示了二者时空变化及其关联性。结果表明:1980—2017年,子午岭区生态系统服务价值从其中心地带向外缘递减,总量由123.45亿元增长为126.33亿元;子午岭区景观生态风险从其中心地带向外缘递增,子午岭区的景观生态风险有所降低,生态状况总体好转。子午岭区生态系统服务价值与景观生态风险之间存在显著的负相关关系及明显的负向空间关联性;高价值-低风险区主要为子午岭林区,未来其生态系统服务价值可能会保持不变。

Although the awareness of ecosystem services provided by natural landscape is increa-sing, few studies integrate ecosystem services value(ESV) into ecological risk management and its control. With Ziwuling region as an example, we carried out the gridding resampling of landscape pattern types in the forest area of Ziwuling region in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2017. We quantified the ESV and landscape ecological risk and their spatiotemporal variations, based on the 2.5 km×2.5 km grid. The spatial correlation between the ESV and landscape ecological risk was examined. The results showed that the ESV decreased from the center to the outside of Ziwuling region, which increased from 12.345 to 12.633 billion yuan from 1980 to 2017. The landscape ecological risk increased from the center to the outside edge of Ziwuling region, indicating that the landscape ecological risk of Ziwuling region was reduced and the overall ecological situation was improved. There was a significant negative correlation and negative spatial correlation between ESV and landscape ecological risk in this area. The high value-low risk area was mainly located in Ziwu-ling forest area, while the ESV might be maintained in the future.