高强耐热6×××系铝合金的研究现状及其发展趋势

Research status and development trend of high strength and heat-resistant 6××× series aluminum alloys

6×××系铝合金由于其密度低、易成形、耐蚀性好等优点,广泛应用于汽车及建筑领域。随着对6×××系铝合金使用要求的不断提高,人们对该系铝合金的强度及耐热性提出了更高的要求。介绍了微合金元素Mn、Cr、Fe、Zr、Sc等对6×××系铝合金组织及性能的影响,复合微合金化及Al_(3)(Sc,Zr)等复合粒子对提高6 xxx系铝合金力学性能的作用。综述了传统的轧制工艺及新型轧制变形工艺对6×××系铝合金组织及性能的影响,国内外对6×××系铝合金耐热性的研究现状,对6×××系铝合金的热处理强化手段进行概述,并对高强耐热6×××系铝合金的发展趋势进行展望。

6××× series aluminum alloys are widely used in automotive and construction fields due to their advantages like low density,easy forming,and good corrosion resistance.With increasing application requirements,people have put forward higher requirements for the strength and heat resistance of 6××× series of aluminum alloys.The paper introduces the effect of microalloying elements(Mn,Cr,Fe,Zr and Sc,etc.)on the structures and properties of 6××× series aluminum alloy,the effect of composite microalloying and Al_(3)(Sc,Zr)composite particles on improving mechanical properties of 6×××aluminum alloys,and the effect of traditional rolling process and new rolling deformation process on the structures and properties of 6xxx series aluminum alloys.The paper also states the domestic and foreign research status of heat resistance and the heat treatment strengthening methods for 6××× series aluminum alloys,and the development trend of high-strength heat-resistant 6××× series aluminum alloys.