电解锰渣基土壤调理剂在甘蓝上的应用及对酸化土壤的改良效果

Application of Different Types of Electrolytic Manganese Residues-based Soil Conditioners on Cabbage and Its Improvement Effects on Acidified Soil

针对湖北恩施州耕地酸化问题,以电解锰渣为原料制备了3种类型的土壤调理剂,比较常规施肥(CK)与研制的高钾型(A型)、高磷型(B型)和高锰型(C型)3种电解锰渣基土壤调理剂对酸化耕地的改良作用及对锰敏感作物甘蓝的增产效果。试验结果表明,在常规施肥基础上,增施土壤调理剂可提高甘蓝产量,增幅皆超过5%;3种土壤调理剂对酸化耕地皆有较好的改良效果,667 m^(2)用100 kg调理剂当季可相对提高土壤pH值0.14~0.19;土壤交换性铝含量相对降低3.37~5.22 mg/kg、盐基饱和度提高5.87%~11.30%。施用土壤调理剂后,土壤有效锰含量相对有所提高,但存在锰过量的潜在风险。综合比较认为,B型优于C型,C型优于A型,但优势不明显。

In order to solve the acidification problem of cultivated land in Enshi Prefecture,three electrolytic manganese residues-based soil conditioners were developed,including high K type(A type),high P type(B type)and high Mn type(C type).The field experiment was conducted to compare the soil improvement effects on acidified cultivated land and yield increase effects on cabbage(a Mn sensitive crop)of conventional fertilization treatment(CK)and the above three soil conditioners treatments.The results showed that,on the basis of conventional fertilization,applying with soil conditioners could increase the yield of cabbage to significant and extremely significant levels,with incensement over 5%.All the three kinds of soil conditioners had good improvement effects on the acidified cultivated land.Using 100 kg/667 m^(2) conditioner could make soil pH value increase by 0.14-0.19,soil exchangeable aluminum content decrease by 3.37-5.22 mg/kg,base saturation increase by 5.87%-11.30%.Soil available Mn content was relatively increased after soil conditioner application,but there was a potential risk of excessive Mn.The comprehensive comparison showed that type B was better than type C,and type C was better than type A,but the advantages were not obvious.