郊区农村集体经济的发展困境与新型实现形式——以上海郊区经验为例

Dilemma of development and the new realization form of rural collective economy:based on the Shanghai suburbs

随着城乡关系紧密化程度加深,城市建设用地使用情况逐步呈现出饱和的状态,亟须新的发展空间和发展指标。城市通过规划、土地和生态三方面的政策,限制郊区的自主发展权,寻找新的发展空间,这导致了郊区农村集体经济面临发展空间不断萎缩的状况。但是农村集体经济对于村庄的发展和治理有着重要意义。上海郊区作为紧密型城乡关系的典型地区,其集体经济发展明显受到政策的限制。对此,上海郊区村庄通过配套经济、飞地经济和文旅经济三种方式突破当下的发展困境,实现了集体经济的壮大、农民的增收和村庄的有效治理。这三种方式顺应了当下中国经济转型的现实需要,虽然具有一定的局限性,但是可以使郊区农村集体经济从输血式发展转变为造血式发展,激活农村集体经济的内生动力。

With the growing relationship between urban and rural areas,construction land gradually shows a saturation state,which requires new development space and indicators.In this regard,the government formulates policies in the city planning,space and ecology.These policies limit the independent development rights of suburbs,and shrink their development space.However,the rural collective economy has a great significance in suburb development and governance.As a typical area of the close urban-rural relationship,how to develop collective economy in the suburbs o f Shanghai is obviously restricted by the policy.And suburban villages use supporting economy,enclave collective economy and cultural and tourism collective economy to break through the dilemma.Though these ways have limitations,they realize the development of collective economy,the increase of farmers’income and the effective governance of villages.In fact,these three methods conform to China’s economic transformation.They provide new development ideas for other villages,and activate the endogenous power of rural collective economy in the future.